Spirits and Clocks: Machine and Organism in Descartes by Dennis Des Chene

From the Publisher

Although the basis of modern biology is Cartesian, Descartes's theories of biology have been more often ridiculed than studied. Yet, Dennis Des Chene demonstrates, the themes, arguments, and vocabulary of his mechanistic biology pervade the writings of many seventeenth-century authors. In his illuminating account of Cartesian physiology in its historical context, Des Chene focuses on the philosopher's innovative reworking of that field, including the nature of life, the problem of generation, and the concepts of health and illness.

Des Chene begins by surveying works that Descartes would likely have encountered, from late Aristotelian theories of the soul to medical literature and treatises on machines. The Cartesian theory of vital operations is examined with particular attention to the generation of animals. Des Chene also considers the role of the machine-model in furnishing a method in physiology, the ambiguities of the notion of machine, and of Descartes's problem of simulation. Finally, he looks at the various kinds of unity of the body, both in itself and in its union with the soul.

Spirits and Clocks continues Des Chene's highly regarded exploration—begun in his previous book, Life's Form—of the scholastic and Cartesian sciences as well as the dialogue between these two worldviews.

About the Author:
Dennis Des Chene is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Emory University.

Booknews

De Chene (philosophy, Emory U.) discusses the context in which Descartes' ideas about the nature of biology took shape, addressing how the themes, arguments, and vocabulary of Descartes' mechanistic biology relate to the writings of 17th century authors, from late Aristotelian theories of the soul to medical literature and treatises on machines. He outlines Descartes' theories of vital operations, his use of the machine model in physiology, how he classified different kinds of unity of the body, and other aspects of his thought. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

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