| List of Illustrations | |
| Preface | |
| To The Reader: How to Use this Work | |
| Pt. I | Landmarks: Periods, Themes, and Personalities of Christian Theology | |
| Introduction | 3 |
| 1 | The Patristic Period, c.100-451 | 5 |
| A Clarification of Terms | 7 |
| An Overview of the Patristic Period | 8 |
| Key Theologians | 10 |
| Key Theological Developments | 14 |
| 2 | The Middle Ages and the Renaissance, c.1000-c.1500 | 26 |
| A Clarification of Terms | 29 |
| Key Theologians | 42 |
| Key Theological Developments | 48 |
| 3 | The Reformation and Post-Reformation Periods, c.1500-c.1700 | 55 |
| A Clarification of Terms | 57 |
| Key Theologians | 63 |
| Key Theological Developments | 66 |
| The Post-Reformation Movement: Confessionalism and Scholasticism | 68 |
| Pietism | 73 |
| 4 | The Modern Period, c.1700-the Present | 76 |
| The Enlightenment | 78 |
| Theological Movements since the Enlightenment | 86 |
| Pt. II | Sources and Methods | |
| 5 | Getting Started: Preliminaries | 117 |
| A Working Definition of Theology | 117 |
| The Architecture of Theology | 119 |
| The Question of Prolegomena | 123 |
| The Nature of Faith | 125 |
| Can God's Existence be Proved? | 129 |
| The Nature of Theological Language | 134 |
| Commitment and Neutrality in Theology | 143 |
| Orthodoxy and Heresy | 145 |
| 6 | The Sources of Theology | 151 |
| The Idea of Revelation | 151 |
| Models of Revelation | 154 |
| Natural Theology: Its Scope and Limits | 158 |
| Scripture | 163 |
| Reason | 182 |
| Tradition | 188 |
| Religious experience | 192 |
| Pt. III | Christian Theology | |
| 7 | The Doctrine of God | 205 |
| Is God Male? | 205 |
| A Personal God | 207 |
| Can God Suffer? | 213 |
| The Omnipotence of God | 222 |
| God in Process Thought | 227 |
| Theodicies: The Problem of Evil | 228 |
| God as Creator | 233 |
| The Holy Spirit | 240 |
| 8 | The Doctrine of the Trinity | 247 |
| The Biblical Foundations of the Trinity | 248 |
| The Historical Development of the Doctrine: The Terms | 249 |
| The Historical Development of the Doctrine: The Ideas | 250 |
| Two Trinitarian Heresies | 256 |
| The Trinity: Four Models | 257 |
| The filioque Controversy | 266 |
| 9 | The Doctrine of the Person of Christ | 270 |
| The Relation between Christology and Soteriology | 270 |
| The Place of Jesus Christ in Christian Theology | 272 |
| New Testament Christological Affirmations | 275 |
| The Patristic Debate over the Person of Christ | 281 |
| Models of Divine Presence in Christ | 294 |
| 10 | Faith and History: A New Christological Agenda | 309 |
| The Enlightenment and Christology | 309 |
| The Problem of Faith and History | 313 |
| The Quest of the Historical Jesus | 316 |
| The Resurrection of Christ: Event and Meaning | 327 |
| 11 | The Doctrine of Salvation in Christ | 337 |
| Christian Approaches to Salvation | 337 |
| The Foundations of Salvation: The Cross of Christ | 341 |
| The Nature of Salvation in Christ | 360 |
| The Scope of Salvation in Christ | 364 |
| 12 | The Doctrines of Human Nature, Sin, and Grace | 369 |
| The Place of Humanity within Creation | 369 |
| The Pelagian Controversy | 371 |
| The Concepts of Grace and Merit | 377 |
| The Doctrine of Justification by Faith | 381 |
| The Doctrine of Predestination | 394 |
| 13 | The Doctrine of the Church | 405 |
| The Early Development of Ecclesiology | 405 |
| Reformation Controversies | 410 |
| The Notes of the Church | 417 |
| 14 | The Doctrine of the Sacraments | 427 |
| The Definition of a Sacrament | 428 |
| The Donatist Controversy: Sacramental Efficacy | 432 |
| The Function of the Sacraments | 433 |