| Section 1 | Getting Ready | |
| Chapter 1 | Strategic overview | 1 |
| 1.1 | Introduction | 1 |
| 1.2 | Definitions and terms | 3 |
| 1.3 | Safety as a foundation for learning | 4 |
| 1.4 | Four components of a safe school plan (P2R2) | 5 |
| 1.5 | Putting the risks into context | 9 |
| 1.6 | Special considerations | 10 |
| 1.7 | Roles, responsibilities and resources | 11 |
| 1.8 | Government, school, student and parent involvement | 12 |
| 1.9 | Performance appraisals | 15 |
| 1.10 | Responsibilities for emergency preparedness | 16 |
| 1.11 | Benefits of a comprehensive plan | 17 |
| Chapter 2 | What is necessary to create a school safety plan? | 19 |
| 2.1 | Introduction | 20 |
| 2.2 | Testing school readiness | 20 |
| 2.3 | Building a team | 22 |
| 2.4 | What are the threats? | 27 |
| 2.5 | Who needs to sign off on resources requests? | 35 |
| 2.6 | Elements of the school safety plan | 36 |
| Section 2 | Prevention/Mitigation | |
| Chapter 3 | Developing a prevention strategy | 47 |
| 3.1 | Introduction | 48 |
| 3.2 | Prevention and mitigation overview | 49 |
| 3.3 | What are the dangers? | 53 |
| 3.4 | Vulnerability assessment | 53 |
| 3.5 | Conducting annual site surveys or safety audits | 55 |
| 3.6 | Assessing the school's cultural climate: common risk behavior among youth | 57 |
| 3.7 | Characteristics of violent youth | 58 |
| 3.8 | Recognizing suicidal behavior | 63 |
| 3.9 | Accidents and other traumatic events | 63 |
| 3.10 | Mechanical incidents | 64 |
| 3.11 | Natural disasters | 66 |
| 3.12 | Terrorism | 66 |
| 3.13 | Policy statements, reporting procedures and action plans | 67 |
| 3.14 | Methods: threat assessment | 70 |
| 3.15 | Basic security | 72 |
| 3.16 | Case Studies | 91 |
| Chapter 4 | Integrating prevention and mitigation strategies into the safe school plan | 95 |
| 4.1 | Introduction | 95 |
| 4.2 | Plan completion | 96 |
| 4.3 | Policy development | 97 |
| 4.4 | Budget issues | 97 |
| 4.5 | Case studies | 99 |
| 4.6 | Checklist for the prevention/mitigation section of the safe schools plan | 99 |
| 4.7 | Examples | 100 |
| Section 3 | Preparedness | |
| Chapter 5 | Developing a preparedness strategy | 105 |
| 5.1 | Introduction | 105 |
| 5.2 | Preparedness overview | 106 |
| 5.3 | Preparing for functional responses | 122 |
| 5.4 | Emergency kits and supplies | 124 |
| 5.5 | Communications plans | 128 |
| 5.6 | Mental health preparations | 135 |
| 5.7 | Special needs preparations | 136 |
| 5.8 | After hours incidents | 137 |
| 5.9 | Preparedness measures for incidents involving buses | 137 |
| 5.10 | Preparedness measures for field trips | 137 |
| Chapter 6 | Training, education, exercises and evaluation | 141 |
| 6.1 | Introduction | 142 |
| 6.2 | Training and education | 142 |
| 6.3 | Exercise types | 145 |
| 6.4 | Exercise planning | 154 |
| 6.5 | Steps to planning | 155 |
| 6.6 | Developing scenarios | 157 |
| 6.7 | Exercise evaluation | 158 |
| 6.8 | Hot wash, debriefing and After Action Review (AAR) | 158 |
| 6.9 | Evaluation of the emergency operations plan response or exercise | 159 |
| 6.10 | State laws requiring drills and exercises | 160 |
| 6.11 | Exercise evaluation checklist | 161 |
| Chapter 7 | Integrating the preparedness strategy into the safe schools plan | 163 |
| 7.1 | Emergency operations planning | 164 |
| 7.2 | The emergency operations planning process | 175 |
| 7.3 | Plan format and sample protocols | 177 |
| 7.4 | Supplemental plan components | 194 |
| 7.5 | Ensuring effectiveness: review, training and testing | 196 |
| 7.6 | Checklists | 199 |
| Section 4 | Response | |
| Chapter 8 | Developing a response plan | 203 |
| 8.1 | Introduction | 203 |
| 8.2 | Response planning overview | 205 |
| 8.3 | ICS - Incident Command System | 206 |
| 8.4 | Functional protocols | 246 |
| 8.5 | Practice | 247 |
| 8.6 | General crisis response procedures | 248 |
| 8.7 | Securing a crime scene | 249 |
| 8.8 | Death notifications | 249 |
| 8.9 | Mass casualty incidents | 250 |
| 8.10 | Public health emergencies | 251 |
| Chapter 9 | Integrating the response plan into the safe schools plan | 253 |
| 9.1 | Introduction | 253 |
| 9.2 | Response planning committee | 254 |
| 9.3 | Integrating school response plans with ICS | 255 |
| 9.4 | ICS organization charts | 256 |
| 9.5 | Integrating the school emergency operations plan (EOP) and the ICS | 258 |
| 9.6 | Job assignment sheets (JAS) | 260 |
| 9.7 | Incident tracking systems (ITS) | 262 |
| Section 5 | Recovery | |
| Chapter 10 | Developing strategies for crisis recovery | 269 |
| 10.1 | Introduction | 270 |
| 10.2 | What is a school crisis? | 270 |
| 10.3 | Communications planning | 271 |
| 10.4 | Communications response guidelines | 276 |
| 10.5 | Preparing for and managing traumatic stress | 281 |
| 10.6 | Immediate post-crisis response | 283 |
| 10.7 | Five phases of crisis and disaster recovery | 286 |
| 10.8 | School site crisis intervention teams (CITs) | 289 |
| 10.9 | The impact of crisis incidents on schools | 292 |
| 10.10 | Key concepts in crisis intervention | 300 |
| 10.11 | Intervention protocols | 301 |
| 10.12 | Individual interview with students | 304 |
| 10.13 | Development and use of disaster related curricula | 307 |
| 10.14 | Conclusion | 308 |
| Chapter 11 | Integrating the recovery strategy into the safe schools plan | 311 |
| 11.1 | Introduction | 311 |
| 11.2 | Review of P2R2: prevention, preparedness, response and recovery | 312 |
| 11.3 | Goals of a recovery strategy | 314 |
| 11.4 | Policy development | 314 |
| 11.5 | Checklists | 315 |
| 11.6 | Recovery resources | 322 |
| Chapter 12 | Appendix | 325 |
| 12.1 | Sample school safety checklists | 326 |
| 12.2 | Special reports | 386 |
| 12.3 | Information resources | 425 |
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