| Notes on contributors | xii |
| Preface | xvii |
| Transliteration and style | xix |
| Introduction | 1 |
| Introduction | 11 |
| I | Religious, intellectual and cultural context | |
| 1 | The meaning and concept of philosophy in Islam | 21 |
| 2 | The Qur'an and Hadith as source and inspiration of Islamic philosophy | 27 |
| 3 | The Greek and Syriac background | 40 |
| 4 | The Indian and Persian background | 52 |
| 5 | Early kalam | 71 |
| 6 | The transmission of Greek philosophy to the Islamic world | 89 |
| 7 | Sunni kalam and theological controversies | 105 |
| 8 | Twelve-Imam Shi'ite theological and philosophical thought | 119 |
| 9 | Isma'ili philosophy | 144 |
| 10 | Islamic humanism in the fourth/tenth century | 155 |
| II | Early Islamic philosophers in the East | |
| 11 | Al-Kindi | 165 |
| 12 | Al-Farabi | 178 |
| 13 | Muhammad ibn Zakariyya' al-Razi | 198 |
| 14 | Al-'Amiri | 216 |
| 15 | The Brethren of Purity (Ikhwan al-Safa') | 222 |
| 16 | Ibn Sina | 231 |
| 17 | Ibn Sina's "Oriental philosophy" | 247 |
| 18 | Ibn Miskawayh | 252 |
| 19 | Al-Ghazzali | 258 |
| III | Islamic philosophers in the Western lands of Islam | |
| 20 | Ibn Masarrah | 277 |
| 21 | Ibn Bajjah | 294 |
| 22 | Ibn Tufayl | 313 |
| 23 | Ibn Rushd | 330 |
| 24 | Ibn Sab'in | 346 |
| 25 | Ibn Khaldun | 350 |
| IV | Philosophy and the mystical tradition | |
| 26 | Introduction to the mystical tradition | 367 |
| 27 | 'Ayn al-Qudat Hamadani and the intellectual climate of his times | 374 |
| 28 | Shihab al-Din Suhrawardi: founder of the Illuminationist school | 434 |
| 29 | The Illuminationist tradition | 465 |
| 30 | Ibn 'Arabi | 497 |
| 31 | The school of Ibn 'Arabi | 510 |
| V | Later Islamic philosoph | |
| 32 | Khwajah Nasir al-Din al-Tusi: the philosopher/vizier and the intellectual climate of his times | 527 |
| 33 | From al-Tusi to the School of Isfahan | 585 |
| 34 | Mir Damad and the founding of the "School of Isfahan" | 597 |
| 35 | Mulla Sadra: his life and works | 635 |
| 36 | Mulla Sadra: his teachings | 643 |
| 37 | Shah Waliullah | 663 |
| VI | The Jewish philosophical tradition in the Islamic cultural world | |
| 38 | Introduction | 673 |
| 39 | Jewish philosophy in the Islamic world | 677 |
| 40 | Saadiah Gaon al-Fayyumi | 696 |
| 41 | Ibn Gabirol | 712 |
| 42 | Judah Halevi | 718 |
| 43 | Maimonides | 725 |
| 44 | Gersonides: Levi ben Gershom | 739 |
| 45 | Judaism and Sufism | 755 |
| 46 | Jewish Averroism | 769 |
| VII | Philosophy and its parts | |
| 47 | Metaphysics | 783 |
| 48 | Logic | 802 |
| 49 | Epistemology | 824 |
| 50 | Political philosophy | 841 |
| 51 | Literature | 886 |
| 52 | Language | 898 |
| 53 | Science | 926 |
| 54 | Mysticism | 947 |
| 55 | Ethics | 959 |
| 56 | Aesthetics | 969 |
| 57 | Law | 979 |
| VIII | Later transmission and interpretation | |
| 58 | Medieval Christian and Jewish Europe | 1001 |
| 59 | Modern Western philosophy | 1013 |
| 60 | The poetic medium: a case study | 1030 |
| IX | Islamic philosophy in the modern Islamic world | |
| 61 | Persia | 1037 |
| 62 | India | 1051 |
| 63 | Pakistan | 1076 |
| 64 | The Arab world | 1082 |
| 65 | Egypt | 1115 |
| 66 | Turkey | 1129 |
| 67 | South-east Asia | 1134 |
| X | Interpretation of Islamic philosophy in the West | |
| 68 | Orientalism and Islamic philosophy | 1143 |
| 69 | Henry Corbin: his work and influence | 1149 |
| 70 | Islamic philosophy in Russia and the Soviet Union | 1156 |
| 71 | The possibility of a philosophy of Islam | 1162 |
| XI | Bibliography | |
| A guide to bibliographical resources | 1173 |
| General introductions to Islamic philosophy | 1177 |
| Index to Parts I and II | 1180 |