| Preface to the updated edition | |
| Introduction to the updated edition | |
| Preface | |
| 1 | The Context: Globalization, Fragmentation, and Disorder | 1 |
| Islamic Fundamentalism, the West, and World Order | 2 |
| Fundamentalism: A Response to the Problems of Globalization and Fragmentation | 5 |
| The Secular Nation-State: Prime Target of Fundamentalism | 6 |
| After the Cold War: Further Fragmentation | 8 |
| The "Islamic Resurgence": Two Views | 10 |
| Political Islam as a Variety of Fundamentalism | 12 |
| The Clash of Two Universalisms: A "Clash of Civilizations"? | 15 |
| 2 | The Study of Islamic Fundamentalism and the Scope of the Inquiry | 20 |
| Religion, Fundamentalism, and Civilizations | 20 |
| Cultural Modernity in Reverse: Back to Collectivities | 24 |
| Antagonizing Democracy and Creating Disorder | 25 |
| Inventing Tradition: The Legacy of Islamic Reformism and Traditionalism | 29 |
| The Structure of This Inquiry | 32 |
| 3 | World Order and the Legacy of Saddam Hussein | 36 |
| The Legacy of the Gulf War | 37 |
| The Search for a New World Order | 42 |
| The Concept of Order between Cultural Relativism and Neo-Absolutism | 46 |
| The Regionalization of World Politics and the Politicization of Middle Eastern Islam | 50 |
| The Fundamentalist World Revolution: Jihad between Peace and Militancy | 54 |
| An Islamic World Order? | 60 |
| 4 | The Sociocultural Background and the Exposure to Cultural Modernity | 64 |
| Culture in World Politics: Globalized Structures and Cultural Fragmentation | 65 |
| Islamic Fundamentalism as a Semi-Modern, Backward-Oriented Utopia Contesting Cultural Modernity | 68 |
| Between Private Religiosity and the Politicization of Religious Beliefs | 75 |
| 5 | Cultural Fragmentation, the Decline in Consensus, and the Diffusion of Power in World Politics | 82 |
| Cultural Fragmentation and the International Diffusion of Power | 85 |
| Islamic Fundamentalism as the Expression of a Revolt against the West | 89 |
| The Political Claims of Religious Options in a Secular World Order | 93 |
| The Islamic State as the Nucleus of an Islamic World Order | 99 |
| The Islamist Challenge: A Divine Global Order as an Alternative to Global Secularization? | 104 |
| The Cultural Basis of World Politics in an Age of Intercivilizational Conflict | 107 |
| 6 | The Crisis of the Nation-State: Islamic, Pan-Arab, Ethnic, and Sectarian Identities in Conflict | 114 |
| Understanding the Resort to Politicized Religion | 115 |
| Is Political Islam the Solution? | 116 |
| Between the Government of the People and the Government of God | 119 |
| The Nation-State: Between Ethnicity and Fundamentalism | 124 |
| Ethnicity, Regionalism, and the Search for Identity | 128 |
| The Institutionally Fragile Nominal Nation-State | 132 |
| 7 | The Fundamentalist Ideology: Context and the Textual Sources | 138 |
| The Repoliticization of Islam in Pursuit of a New Order | 140 |
| The Regional and Global Context of the Fundamentalist Writings | 144 |
| The Caliphate, the Fetwa, and the Distortion of History and Scripture | 149 |
| 8 | The Idea of an Islamic State and the Call for the Implementation of the Shari'a/Divine Law | 158 |
| Din wa dawla/Unity of Religion and State: But What Else? | 159 |
| Is the Shari'a an Islamic Constitution for an Islamic State? | 165 |
| Islamic Critics and the Islamic State: Is It True that the Shari'a Rules? | 169 |
| Is Shura an Islamic Substitute for Democracy? | 173 |
| 9 | Democracy and Democratization in Islam: An Alternative to Fundamentalism | 179 |
| Democracy and International Morality | 180 |
| Islamic Civilization, the West, and Democracy | 183 |
| The Accommodation of Democracy without a Rethinking of Islam | 188 |
| The Requirements for Democracy: Political Culture and Democratic Institutions | 190 |
| The Cases of Kuwait and Saudi Arabia | 193 |
| 10 | Human Rights in Islam and the West: Cross-Cultural Foundations of Shared Values | 199 |
| Islam and the West: From Dissent to International Morality | 200 |
| What Are "Human Rights"? Why Do They Matter for Muslims? | 204 |
| A Need for "Rethinking Islam": The Cultural Accommodation of Human Rights | 207 |
| Local Cultures, Regional Civilizations, and Their Exposure to Globalization | 209 |
| Notes | 215 |
| Names index | 253 |
| Subject index | 257 |