Index
A
absolute pins, 35-38, 41, 60, 87, 89, 100, 209-10
active, 235
advanced combinations, 201, 203
advantage, 235
Alekhine, Alexander, 30, 45, 152, 157, 163-73, 175, 185
Alekhine's Defense, 30
algebraic notation, x, 235
analysis, 235
Anderssen, Adolf, 135-43, 145-46, 151, 156, 167
Andersson, Ulf, 189
annotation, 236
attacks, 236
discovered, 9, 15, 84, 141, 153, 199, 207, 223, 238
with pawns, 32
against squares, 205
and x-rays, 111, 113
double, 6, 9, 22-32, 69, 108, 113, 147, 205, 238
and batteries, 82
by pawns, 29-32
mating, 242
Averbakh, Yuri, 6
B
back rank
checkmates, 66-69, 112, 136, 150-62, 215,223, 241
and batteries, 82
Kings on, 66
back rank, continued
weak, 68-69, 76, 220, 224
and x-rays, 111
basic tactics, 199
batteries, 79-88, 161
Berry, Jonathan, 107
Bishops
on adjacent diagonals, 87
forks, 20
hanging, 11
on open diagonals, 85-86
opposite-colored, 243
pairs, 236
and Queens on diagonals, 86
and Rook-Pawn vs. King, 128-29
blockades, 124-25, 236
blunders, 236
Botvinnik, Mikhail, 5, 106, 175, 185
Bradford, Texas Joe, 29
breakthrough, 236
combinations, 91-93
building fortresses, 119, 122-30, 221
Burns, Amos, 158
C
Capablanca, Jos‚ Ra£l, 40, 157, 163, 166, 209
captures, forced, 105-6, 208
capturing en passant, 239
castling, 61, 154, 165, 193
Kingside, 237
purpose of, 236
Queenside, 237
castling, continued
rule, 236
center, 237
Chajes, O., 164
chaturanga, 85
checks
discovered, 12-14, 59, 114, 205, 214, 238
double, 15, 55, 142, 206, 214, 224, 238
perpetual, 57-60, 118, 150, 243, 247
vs. pursuit, 119
premature, 26
when to avoid, 26
checkmate, 237
back rank, 66-69, 112, 136, 150, 162, 178, 215, 223
and batteries, 82
discovered, 215
double, 15
pure, 140
smothered, 54-55, 245
chess conventions, 37
chess notation. See algebraic notation
chess terms, 37
classical, 237
clearance sacrifices, 105-9, 156, 162, 217
closed
files, 79
games (see positions, closed)
combinations, 45, 14, 237
advanced, 201, 203
breakthrough, 91-93
combinations, breakthrough, continued
sacrifices in, 92
involving Kings, 51-69
petite, 23, 33
recognizing, 67
connected passed pawns. See pawns, connected passed
conventions, 37
correspondence chess, 18
counterplay, 238
cramp, 238
critical positions. See positions, critical
D
decoys, 99-103
defenses, 238. See also openings (or individual defense names)
deflection, 73-78, 181, 216
destroying King's cover, 61-65, 161
development, 145-147
definition, 238
diagonals
Bishop and Queen on, 86
Bishops on adjacent, 87
doubling on open, 79
open, 79, 85-87, 146
discovered
attacks, 9, 15, 141, 153, 199, 207, 223, 238
with pawns, 32
against squares, 205
and x-rays, 111, 113
checkmate, 15, 215
checks, 12-15, 55, 59, 114, 142, 205, 206, 214, 224, 238
double attacks, 6, 9-33, 69, 108, 113, 147, 205, 238
and batteries, 82
double attacks, continued
by pawns, 29-32
doubled Rooks on 7th, 80, 228, 244
doubling
on open files, 101
on open lines, 79
Rooks, 211
draws, 89, 119-30. See also stalemates; three-time repetition of position
definition, 239
forcing, 124
material imbalance, 126-29
perpetual check, 57-60
stalemate, 51-55
three-time repetition, 58, 119, 169
E
Elo rating, xi, 239
Elo, Arpad, 239
en passant
example of, 83
rule, 239
endgame, 239
English Opening, 164, 186
equality, 239
Evans Gambit, 140
Evergreen Game, The, 140
Exchange, the, 12, 42, 85, 166, 170, 205-6,208-9, 224, 239
exchanging, 239
F
Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE), xi, 239
FIDE, xi, 239
files, 239
closed, 79
doubling on open, 79, 101
files, continued
half-open, 79, 83, 240
open, 79-83, 242
Fine, Reuben, 29, 151,157, 170
Fischer, Bobby, 26, 163, 169, 185
Flamberg, Alexander Davidovich, 152
flank, 239
Forbis, 179
force, 3, 240. See also material
forced, 240
captures, 105-6, 208
moves, 146
forcing
draws, 124
moves, 113, 121, 162
to specific squares, 99
stalemates, 128
trades, 152
forks, 9, 18-26, 69, 75, 80, 101-2, 168, 170-71, 199, 206-8, 223
Bishop, 20
as combinations, 22
King, 21
Knight, 4, 19, 23-24
pawn, 31-32, 53, 208
Queen, 21
Rook, 20
royal, 19, 23, 96, 101-2, 107, 187, 218
underpromoting to create, 95
fortresses, building, 119, 122, 221
French Defense, 154, 238, 247
G
gambits, 151, 158, 171, 240
Gheorghiu, Florian, 192
Grandmaster (GM), 240
Gurgenidze, Bukhuty Ivanovich, 182
H
half-open files, 79, 83, 240
hanging, 240
Bishops, 11
Knights, 37, 74
Queens, 225
heavy pieces, 241
hole, 241
Hort, Vlastimil, 66
Hbner, Robert, 186
hypermodern, 167, 241
I
Immortal Game, The, 136
initiative, 237, 241
international chess federation, xi, 239
International Master (IM), 240
interposition, 21
intuition, 241
K
Karpov, Anatoly, 185, 192
Kasparov, Garry, 163,185-95
King's Gambit, 137
Kings
and absolute pins, 35
on back rank, 66
vs. Bishop and Rook-Pawn, 128-29
and castling, 61
destroying cover of, 6165, 161, 213
drawing into hostile territory, 61-64
forks, 21
Kings, continued
keeping out, 122
vs. Knight and Rook-Pawn, 127-28
making luft for, 67
open, 51
relative strength of, 122
stalemated, 7
tactics and combinations involving, 51-71
vs. two Knights, 126-127
weak, 6, 51
Kingside, 241
Knights
forks, 4, 19, 23-24
hanging, 37, 74
and Rook-Pawn vs. King, 127-28
two, vs. King, 126-27
L
Lasker, Emanuel, 4, 11, 97, 114, 157, 163, 171, 206
L'Hermet, R., 154
luft
definition, 241
making, 67
M
major pieces, 241
Marshall, Frank, 157-62
Master, 241
mate, 242. See also checkmate
material
advantage, 240, 242
definition, 240
imbalances, 126-29
point count system, 244
middlegame, 242
Miller, J., 176
minor pieces, 242
mobility, 242
Modern Benoni System, 182
Morphy, Paul, 143, 145-50, 156, 167
moves, 243-46
forced, 146, 162
forcing, 113, 121
passive, 243
N
Nimzovich, Aaron, 45, 89, 236
notation. See algebraic notation
O
occupying squares, 242
open
diagonals, 79, 85-87, 146
doubling on, 79
files, 79-83
doubling on, 79, 101
pins on, 211
games. See positions, open
Kings, 51
positions. See positions, open
openings, 242-43
and absolute pins, 35
Alekhine's Defense, 30
and Alexander Alekhine, 163
CaroKann Defense, 238
English Opening, 164, 186, 243
Evans Gambit, 140
French Defense, 154, 238, 247
gambits, 137, 140, 151, 158, 171, 240
and Garry Kasparov, 185
King's Gambit, 137, 243
Modern Benoni System, 182
openings, continued
names of, 30
Philidor Defense, 146
Queen's Gambit Declined, 158, 171
Queen's Indian Defense, Petrosyan System, 189, 193
Scandinavian Defense, 36
Sicilian Opening
Dragon Variation, 180
Tarrasch Defense, 160
Two Knights' Defense, 176, 248
Vienna Opening, 152
opposite-colored Bishops. See Bishops, opposite-colored
overextending, 243
overworked pieces, 73, 215
P
Parsons, Jeffrey, 55
passed pawns. See pawns, passed
pawn
chains, 237
structure, 3
static factor, 246
pawns
backward, 236
capturing en passant, 239
connected passed, 237
as defenders, 74
discovered attacks with, 32
double attacks by, 29-32
doubled, 238
forks, 3132, 53, 208
passed, 91, 120, 218, 243
connected, 91
protected, 244
passing through, 91
poisoned, 244
power of, 89-97
pawns, continued
promoting, 89-96, 218, 224, 231, 243-44 (see also pawns, underpromoting)
protected passed, 244
queening potential of, 31
sacrificing, 120, 137, 141
for Rooks on 7th, 80
and stalemate, 127
stopping, 236
strength from weakness, 29-30
trading for pieces, 31
underpromoting, 94-96 (see also pawns, promoting)
to avoid stalemate, 94-95
to create forks, 95
reasons for, 94
perpetual
checks, 57-60, 118, 150 (see also checks, perpetual)
vs. pursuits, 119
pursuits, 119-121, 221
vs. checks, 119
definition, 243
petite combinations, 23
Petrosyan System of Queen's Indian Defense, 189, 193
Petrosyan, Tigran, 185
Philidor Defense, 146
Philidor, Fran‡ois-Andr‚ Danican, 41, 146
philosophies
classical, 237
hypermodern, 241
pieces
as defenders, 74-75
heavy, 241
major, 241
minor, 242
pieces, continued
overworked, 73, 215
trapping, 129-30
undefended, 7, 74
pigs, 244
on 7th, 80, 244
pins, 15, 35-45, 69, 100, 142, 148, 165, 199, 206, 208, 210, 215
absolute, 35-38, 41, 60, 87, 89, 100, 209-10
and batteries, 82
on open files, 211
relative, 35, 38, 41-43, 209
vs. skewers, 47
Pipe Game, The, 158
plans, 244
playing styles, 246
point count system. See material, point count system
in tournaments, 51
positional
concepts, 151
definition, 244
players, 175
positions
closed, 237
cramping, 238
critical, 238
open, 242
passive, 243
sharp, 245
simplifying, 245
wild, 248
powerful pawns, 89-96
prepared variations. See variations, prepared
preventing sacrifices, 158
principles, 240
promoting pawns, 89-96, 218, 224, 231. See also pawns, promoting
promotion, 244. See also pawns, promoting
protected passed pawns. See pawns, protected passed
pure checkmate, 140
pursuits, perpetual, 119-21, 221
vs. check, 119
definition, 243
Q
Queen's Gambit Declined, 158, 171
Queen's Indian Defense, Petrosyan System, 189, 193
queening, 31, 89-93, 218. See also pawns, promoting
Queens
and Bishops on diagonals, 86
creating from pawns, 89-93
developing too early, 36
forks, 21
hanging, 225
sacrificing, 11, 24, 62, 64, 68, 76, 86
vulnerability of, 121
Queenside, 244
R
ranks, 245
rating, 245. See also Elo rating
recognizing tactics and combinations, 67
relative pins, 35, 38, 41-43, 209
Reschevsky, Sammy, 119
resigning, 245
Reti, Richard, 167
romantic, 245
Rooks
doubled on 7th rank, 80, 228
doubling, 211
ensuring activity of, 80
forks, 20
as King hunters, 63
on 7th rank, 79, 216
doubled, 80, 228
sacrificing pawns for, 80
royal forks, 19, 23, 96, 10-12, 107, 187, 218, 245
Rubinstein, Akiba Kiwelowicz, 160, 233
S
sacrifices, 5, 9, 14, 22, 159, 208
in breakthrough combinations, 92
clearance, 105-9, 156, 162, 217, 237
and decoys, 99-102
definition, 245
to draw out Kings, 61-62
pawn, 120, 137, 141
for Rooks on 7th, 80
preventing, 158
for promotion, 89, 91
Queen, 11, 24, 62, 64, 68, 76, 86
for stalemate, 52-53
Scandinavian Defense, 36
7th rank
double Rooks on, 80
importance of, 81
pigs on, 80
Rooks on, 79
sacrificing pawns for, 80
Sicilian Opening
Dragon Variation, 180
Silman, Jeremy, 6
Silman's Rules of Recognition, 6, 10, 14, 207
simplification, 212. See also trading
simultaneous games, 176, 179
skewers, 4749, 166, 199, 208, 211
definition, 245
vs. pins, 47
smothered checkmate, 54-55, 245
Smyslov, Vasily, 56, 175
space, 3
advantage, 236
count system, 246
definition, 246
static factor, 246
Spassky, Boris, 94, 185
Spielmann, Rudolf, 151-56, 157
squares, occupying, 242
stalemates, 7, 51-55, 85-86, 149, 212-13
and a- and h-pawns, 127
motion, 94-95
definition, 246
forcing, 128
perils of, 64
sacrifices to achieve, 52-53
undesirable, 54
Steinitz, Wilhelm, 140, 143, 233
strategy, 246
structure, pawn, 3
studies, 17
style. See playing styles
T
tactics, 34
basic, 199
definition, 246
tactics, continued
double attacks, 9-32
forks, 18
involving Kings, 51-69
recognizing, 67
Tal, Mikhail, 107, 175-84, 185
Tarrasch Defense, 160
tempo, 246. See also time
terms, 37
theory, 247
three-time repetition of position, 58, 119, 169, 213, 247
tied game. See draws
time, 246
controls, 247
definition, 247
limits, 247
loss of, 246
pressure, 247
tournaments, point count, xi, 51
trades, forcing, 152
trading, 74, 138
advantages of, 13
even, 36
exchange, 239
pawns for pieces, 31
simplification, 212
transposition, 247
trapping pieces, 129-30
traps, 168, 247
Troitzky, Alexei Alexeyevich, 17
Two Knights' Defense, 176, 248
U
undefended pieces, 7, 74
underpromoting, 218
definition, 248
pawns, 94-96
to avoid stalemate, 94-95
to create forks, 95
reasons for, 94
V
variations
calculating, 236
definition, 248
prepared, 244
Vienna Opening, 152
Von Bardeleben, Curt, 233
W
weak
back rank, 68-69, 76,220, 224
and x-rays, 111
King, 6, 51
weaknesses, 248
windmills, 111, 114-15, 220
Wizard of Riga, 107
World Champions
Alekhine, Alexander, 30, 163
Botvinnik, Mikhail, 5, 106, 175, 185
Capablanca, Jos‚ Ra£l, 166, 209
Fischer, Bobby, 26, 185
Karpov, Anatoly, 185, 192
Kasparov, Garry, 185-95
Lasker, Emanuel, 4, 11, 114
rating of, 239
Smyslov, Vasily, 175
Steinitz, Wilhelm, 140
Tal, Mikhail, 107, 175-84
X
x-rays, 111-13, 220, 233
and discovered attacks, 111, 113
and weak back rank, 111
Y
Youngworth, Perry, 103
Z
zugzwang, 210, 248
zwischenzug, 117-18, 121, 225, 248
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