Preface vii

About the Author ix

Introduction 1

Part 1 Whiteness: the power of invisibility

1 The Matter of Whiteness Richard Dyer 9

2 Failing to See Harlon Dalton 15

3 Representations of Whiteness in the Black Imagination Bell Hooks 19

Questions for Thinking, Writing, and Discussion for Part One 25

Part 2 Whiteness: the power of the past

1 The Roots of Racial Classification Philip C. Wander Judith N. Martin Thomas K. Nakayama 29

2 How White People Became White James E. Barrett David Roediger 35

3 How Jews Became White Folks Karen Brodkin 41

4 Becoming Hispanic: Mexican Americans and Whiteness Neil Foley 55

5 The Possessive Investment in Whiteness George Lipsitz 67

6 The Constraint of Race Linda Faye Williams 91

7 Global White Supremacy Charles W. Mills 97

Questions for Thinking, Writing, and Discussion for Part Two 105

Part 3 Whiteness: the power of privilege

1 Making Systems of Privilege Visible Stephanie M. Wildman Adrienne D. Davis 109

2 Privilege as Paradox Allan G. Johnson 117

3 White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack Peggy McIntosh 123

4 White Privilege Shapes the U.S. Robert Jensen 129

5 Membership Has Its Privileges: Thoughts on Acknowledging and Challenging Whiteness Tim Wise 133

6 Crazy Sometimes Leonard Pitts Jr. 137

Questions for Thinking, Writing, and Discussion for Part Three 143

Part 4 Whiteness: the power of resistance

1 Breaking the Silence Beverly Tatum 147

2 Confronting One's Own Racism Joe Feagin Hernan Vera 153

3 How White People Can Serve as Allies to People of Color in the Struggle to End Racism Paul Kivel 159

Questions for Thinking, Writing, and Discussion for Part Four169

Suggestions for Further Reading 172

Acknowledgments 174

Index 176