| Preface | |
| Foreword | |
| Pt. I | The Historical and Conceptual Framework | 1 |
| 1 | The Kruger National Park: A Century of Management and Research | 3 |
| 2 | Biotic and Abiotic Variability as Key Determinants of Savanna Heterogeneity at Multiple Spatiotemporal Scales | 22 |
| 3 | Adopting a Heterogeneity Paradigm: Implications for Management of Protected Savannas | 41 |
| 4 | An Adaptive System to Link Science, Monitoring, and Management in Practice | 59 |
| Pt. II | A Template for Savanna Heterogeneity | 81 |
| 5 | The Abiotic Template and Its Associated Vegetation Pattern | 83 |
| 6 | Biogeochemistry: The Cycling of Elements | 130 |
| 7 | Fire as a Driver of Ecosystem Variability | 149 |
| 8 | Surface Water Availability: Implications for Heterogeneity and Ecosystem Processes | 171 |
| 9 | River Heterogeneity: Ecosystem Structure, Function, and Management | 189 |
| Pt. III | Interactions between Biotic Components | 219 |
| 10 | Interactions between Species and Ecosystem Characteristics | 221 |
| 11 | Vegetation Dynamics in the Kruger Ecosystem | 242 |
| 12 | Insects and Savanna Heterogeneity | 263 |
| 13 | Birds: Responders and Contributors to Savanna Heterogeneity | 276 |
| 14 | Large Herbivores and Savanna Heterogeneity | 292 |
| 15 | Rainfall Influences on Ungulate Population Dynamics | 310 |
| 16 | Kruger's Elephant Population: Its Size and Consequences for Ecosystem Heterogeneity | 332 |
| 17 | Wildlife Diseases and Veterinary Controls: A Savanna Ecosystem Perspective | 349 |
| 18 | Large Carnivores and Savanna Heterogeneity | 370 |
| Pt. IV | Humans and Savannas | 389 |
| 19 | Anthropogenic Influences at the Ecosystem Level | 391 |
| 20 | Beyond the Fence: People and the Lowveld Landscape | 422 |
| 21 | Heterogeneity and Management of the Lowveld Rivers | 447 |
| 22 | Integration of Science: Successes, Challenges, and the Future | 469 |
| 23 | Reflections on the Kruger Experience and Reaching Forward | 488 |
| Contributors | 503 |
| Index | 507 |