The European Diplomatic Corps by Mai'A K. Davis Cross

List of Tables     ix
List of Figures     x
Acknowledgments     xi
An Epistemic Community of Diplomats     1
Introduction     1
Diplomacy and foreign policy     3
The theoretical framework     5
Methodology     8
The Diplomatic Dialogue: Between Power and Cooperation     13
Alternative explanations for international cooperation     13
Diplomats as an epistemic community     22
Structural constraints on diplomats: Rules, norms, and organizations     28
The case studies     31
The Seventeenth Century and the Treaty of Westphalia     35
Climate of the times: The emergence of international society     35
The European corps: Seventeenth century     36
The lead-up to the Peace of Westphalia     45
The Congress of Westphalia     48
The epistemic community of diplomats     60
Diplomatic agency     61
The aftermath of Westphalia     65
The Late Nineteenth Century and the Congress of Berlin     68
Climate of the times     68
The society of diplomats     69
The lead-up to the Congress of Berlin 1875-78     80
The Congress of Berlin     82
The negotiations     84
The epistemic community of diplomats     97
Diplomatic agency     100
The aftermath of Berlin     103
The Early Twentieth Century and the Treaty of Versailles     105
Climate of the times     105
The society of diplomats     107
The lead-up to World War I     119
The negotiations     120
The epistemic community of diplomats: The commissions     134
Diplomatic agency     136
Conclusion     137
The Late Twentieth Century and the Treaty on European Union     139
Climate of the times     139
The society of diplomats     142
The lead-up to Maastricht: European Political Union     154
The negotiations     156
The Maastricht ratification process     174
Diplomatic agency     174
Conclusion     176
The Twenty-first Century European Corps     179
Climate of the times: Euro-skepticism     179
The diplomatic epistemic community: A cross-time comparison     180
Trends across time     186
Democracy or deception?     188
Toward a single voice: European diplomacy with the world     190
Notes     191
Bibliography     215
Index     232