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A. J. Lewinter is an American scientist, for years an insignificant cog in America's complex defense machinery. While at an academic conference in Tokyo, though, Lewinter contacts the KGB station chief and says he wants to defect. He tantalizes the Russians with U.S. military secrets he claims to possess, but is his defection genuine? Neither the Russians nor the Americans are sure and Lewinter is swept up in a terrifying political chess match of deceit and treachery. Each side struggles to anticipate its opponents next move and the superpowers are locked in a deadly contest that exploits friendships, destroys loyalties, and manipulates human beings as expendable pawns. The Defection of A. J. Lewinter is a masterpiece of irony and intrigue, an unconventional and gripping anatomy of a defection.
The reissue of this 1973 Cold War gem comes on the heels of Littell's recent hardcover thriller The Company. Set in the early 1970s, the spy thriller-cum-black comedy begins when A.J. Lewinter, an eccentric American engineer specializing in nose cones for ballistic missiles, decides to defect to the Soviet Union. Such a high-level defection is unprecedented, and each side suspects the other of something fishy. A hilarious contest ensues as they try to outconnive each other. On the American side is a coldly libidinous intelligence agent named Diamond (when a mistress asks him what he would have done if she hadn't passed a security background check, he says, "I would have taken you to bed-but I wouldn't have talked to you"). His KGB analogue is the nervous Pogodin (self-described as "one-quarter Marxist, one-quarter humanist, and one-half bureaucrat"), who knows too well the consequences of any mistake. The book paints a bleak view of both sides of the Cold War divide: the socialist dream has given way to a police state plagued by chronic food shortages and ruled by an elite oligarchy that gets the few decent cars and apartments in Moscow, while on democracy's home front, race riots and antiwar protests multiply. Concise, smart and funny, this novel turns Cold War spy clich s on their head. Though the ambiguous ending no longer terrifies, this book still packs a punch and seems prescient to boot. Those who only know Littell's more recent works should enjoy this fast, fun trip into the past. (Dec.)
More Reviews and RecommendationsSince he began publishing spy fiction in 1973, Robert Littell has evolved into one of the most consistently interesting espionage novelists of the modern era. We asked the author to share some of his experiences -- and his favorite books -- with us.
More About the Author
Name:
Robert Littell
Current Home:
Martel, France
Date of Birth:
January 08, 1935
Place of Birth:
Brooklyn, New York
Education:
B.A., Alfred University, 1956
About his past, Littell told us, "No account of my education would be complete without mentioning my four years in the Navy; I served on board the USS John R. Pierce (DD753) where I was, variously, the ship’s navigator, antisubmarine warfare officer, communications officer and deck watch officer. These years were extremely formative for me."
What was the book that most influenced your life?
In the early 1970s, Nadezhda Mandelstam, the wife of the famous Russian poet Osip Mandelstam, managed to have two manuscripts smuggled out of Russia to the West, where they were published under the titles: Hope against Hope and Hope Abandoned. These books recount the story of her husband and herself after the Bolshevik Revolution and during the subsequent Stalinist twenties and thirties.
Osip Mandelstam eventually wrote a poem denouncing Stalin and read it to a roomful of people, knowing full well that he would be denounced and punished. He was arrested and would have been executed but for the intervention of Boris Pasternak, who actually spoke to Stalin on the phone and defended Mandelstam as one of the great Russian poets of the century. The result was that Osip and Nadezhda were exiled from Moscow for five years under very difficult conditions, but the poet was not killed.
In the late thirties Osip was arrested again. He went off to the Gulag with a copy of Pushkin in his pocket and Nadezhda recounts in one of her books how she heard that he was last seen reading Pushkin to real criminals (as opposed to political prisoners) around a campfire in Siberia. After which he disappeared. It was Nadezhda, who had memorized all of his poems, who saved her husband from oblivion.
The life and writing of this woman inspired me endlessly in my quest to understand the Soviet Union, about which I have written a great deal. During one of my many trips to the Soviet Union, I had the honor of meeting her. I brought a box of candy to this old and lovely woman who was living in a remote suburb of Moscow, attended by young poets who never left her alone. As I left her flat, she saw me to the door and said, in an undertone, “Don’t speak English in the hallway.” This chilling remark -- it was during the period of Perestroika, Stalin was long dead and one could speak English in the hallway -- epitomized for me the heart of Stalinist Russia. Nadezhda died a year or so after I met her.
What are some of your favorite books?
What’s your favorite way to unwind?
I am an amateur mountain climber. Once or twice a year I go off to Chamonix in the French Alps, under Mont Blanc, and with a guide do treks that include rock climbing at high altitude. It is probably the only place where I forget the faults of the book I am working on at the moment.
A. J. Lewinter is an American scientist, for years an insignificant cog in America's complex defense machinery. While at an academic conference in Tokyo, though, Lewinter contacts the KGB station chief and says he wants to defect. He tantalizes the Russians with U.S. military secrets he claims to possess, but is his defection genuine? Neither the Russians nor the Americans are sure and Lewinter is swept up in a terrifying political chess match of deceit and treachery. Each side struggles to anticipate its opponents next move and the superpowers are locked in a deadly contest that exploits friendships, destroys loyalties, and manipulates human beings as expendable pawns. The Defection of A. J. Lewinter is a masterpiece of irony and intrigue, an unconventional and gripping anatomy of a defection.
The reissue of this 1973 Cold War gem comes on the heels of Littell's recent hardcover thriller The Company. Set in the early 1970s, the spy thriller-cum-black comedy begins when A.J. Lewinter, an eccentric American engineer specializing in nose cones for ballistic missiles, decides to defect to the Soviet Union. Such a high-level defection is unprecedented, and each side suspects the other of something fishy. A hilarious contest ensues as they try to outconnive each other. On the American side is a coldly libidinous intelligence agent named Diamond (when a mistress asks him what he would have done if she hadn't passed a security background check, he says, "I would have taken you to bed-but I wouldn't have talked to you"). His KGB analogue is the nervous Pogodin (self-described as "one-quarter Marxist, one-quarter humanist, and one-half bureaucrat"), who knows too well the consequences of any mistake. The book paints a bleak view of both sides of the Cold War divide: the socialist dream has given way to a police state plagued by chronic food shortages and ruled by an elite oligarchy that gets the few decent cars and apartments in Moscow, while on democracy's home front, race riots and antiwar protests multiply. Concise, smart and funny, this novel turns Cold War spy clich s on their head. Though the ambiguous ending no longer terrifies, this book still packs a punch and seems prescient to boot. Those who only know Littell's more recent works should enjoy this fast, fun trip into the past. (Dec.)
It was his first lapse of the day.
Chapin was a fat man and he envied grace and poise the way a cripple admires athletic agility. He sat on the hard wooden chair breathing heavily, a massive form in the midst of the diminutive Japanese, and watched with almost sensual pleasure as the masked actors of the Kanze Noh Company glided soundlessly across the hashigakari bridge to the wings. Without understanding all its subtleties, Chapin was drawn to the Noh drama. He had never admitted that to anyone, for he recognized it as a strange obsession-especially for someone in his line of work. He wondered vaguely what had brought the American to the theater.
The American!
When Chapin glanced back at the aisle seat it was empty and his man was sprinting up the carpet toward the exit. Still caught up in the mood of the Noh, Chapin was reluctant to break the cobweb threads of imagination that bound him to the stage. Wearily, he pulled his bulky body over the legs of four Japanese and headed up the now jammed aisle towardthe lobby. For a man of his size and age, he moved rapidly. But by the time he reached the front steps of the theater, the American had disappeared into the river of people flowing through the streets of downtown Tokyo.
Chapin stood on the steps and threaded his fingers through his thinning hair. It was his first "fadeout" in years and his professional pride was bruised. Control would be furious. As he turned to search for a telephone, something caught his eye: the familiar profile of a man, framed in a window of a taxi pulling away from the curb.
Chapin squeezed into another taxi and told the driver: "Ano kuruma o otékure." In Japanese, Chapin thought, the phrase didn't sound quite as ridiculous as it did in English.
The two taxis, 100 yards apart, swung past Toronomon and the black wrought-iron gates of the American Embassy and struggled up a steep hill, caught in a jagged mob of cars and buses and tracks noisily converging on Roppongi. The early evening breeze blew through the open window against Chapin's face, and with it came the reddish dust from a torn-up stretch of road where a new subway line was being built. Chapin saw that his driver was enjoying the chase; with his forehead almost touching the steering wheel, he cut in front of a dump truck and put the car onto the rough bedding of the trolley tracks near the crest of the hill. Using only his left, white-gloved hand, he spun the wheel full left and broke into the small intersection of Roppongi Crossing. By now he was directly behind the other taxi. Chapin leaned forward and tapped the driver on the shoulder. "Kimi Wa, beteran no untenshu da né-That's nice driving."
At the far end of the crossing workmen wearing thick ocher-colored waistbands and bandannas on their foreheads strained against a stalled dump track. Drivers leaned on their horns as the traffic piled up. In the taxi ahead of Chapin, the impatient passenger stepped out, paid the driver, and edged between the two cabs toward the curb. As his face came into full view, Chapin realized that he had been following an American-but the wrong one.
Chapin paid his driver and hurried to the telephone booth in front of the Kinokuniya Supermarket. Before dialing, he unwrapped a piece of dietary chewing gum, popped it into his mouth, and rolled the tin foil into a ball, which he toyed with throughout the conversation.
The number rang twice. A man's voice said in Japanese: "Four-nine-nine-six-five-two-nine."
Chapin read off his own number in English and hung up. Fifteen seconds later the phone rang.
"Hey, George, this is me," Chapin said, wheezing nervously.
"Where the hell've you and Honeybucket been?" George said.
"In Marunouchi," Chapin answered. He tried to make the rest sound like an afterthought. "Everything's fine. Our friend just treated me to five and a half hours of Noh. Now we're in Roppongi. Honeybucket's across the street in an antique shop. I'll stick 'with him through dinner and tuck him in at the hotel."
"Listen," Lewinter said again, this time more patiently, more respectfully, "I've got to speak to the ambassador." And he repeated the word three times, as if the mere repetition would make the guard understand. "I'm an American-ski," he added.
The two Japanese cleaning ladies scrubbing the marble floor of the embassy lobby looked up, curious. The guard, new to his job and still unsure of himself, hesitated. Finally, with a shrug, he picked up the telephone and summoned the duty officer.
Watching him dial, Lewinter felt some of the tension drain away. At last he was getting somewhere. For the first time, he took in the surroundings: the Japanese women, by now hard at work; the uniformed guard concentrating on a Russian newspaper; the small portrait of Lenin in a too elaborate gilt frame; the cracks in the marble floor; the chandelier with its dusty black electric wire coiling up to the flaking ceiling. It was not what he had expected. Not at all.
Tiptoeing over the still-wet marble, the duty officer, a small, brooding Armenian with thick eyebrows, came over and planted himself directly in front of Lewinter.
"Yes," the Armenian said, smiling and pointing at his watch, "since fifteen minutes, we are completed for the day."
"I must speak to your ambassador," Lewinter said, wondering how much English the Armenian understood. "I want to go to the Soviet Union."
"It is misfortunate," the Armenian said, "but the visa department completes at five. Re-try tomorrow after nine." "You don't understand me," Lewinter said. "I'm an American. I want to go to the Soviet Union permanently-to live there."
"Permanently?" the Armenian repeated, and searched for the meaning of the word. He found it, and understood it. He thought of a friend of his who once passed up an opportunity to buy some documents in Istanbul-and wound up franking stamps in Tbilisi. With a jerk of his head, the Armenian motioned to the American to follow him down the hall.
Left alone in a large, mildewy room jammed with overstuffed furniture, Lewinter settled into an easy chair with a broken spring and waited. In the last half-hour he had taken the most crucial step of his life, and yet the whole thing seemed ludicrous. He had planned the defection for months with his usual relish for detail-the trip to Japan, the pills, the shampoo, the X rays, the last-minute postcard to Maureen, even the book to read on the plane to Moscow. But somehow he had ended up on the set of a Hitchcock film-in a shabby embassy, in an antique room, in the midst of people who did not speak his language. He could almost see himself sitting there looking faintly uncomfortable, faintly ridiculous, staring at the high ceiling, crossing and uncrossing his legs, and wondering if he was being watched by someone other than himself.
Lewinter emerged from his thoughts and realized that he had been listening to the sound of men's voices. The door opened. The man who entered looked as if he had strolled off an American college campus. He had everything except the pipe between his teeth; thin and stoop-shouldered, he wore a bow tie, a beige button-down shirt, an open Harris tweed sports jacket with suede elbow patches, rumpled slacks, and a pair of loafers. His kinky hair was long and bunched at the sides and back; that and his high forehead made him look like an intellectual. His eyes were khaki-colored and there was something about them that projected the man's ironic cast of mind.
He smiled warmly and pulled up a chair next to Lewinter. "What high school did you go to?" he said in perfect English.
"What do you mean what high school did I go to?" Lewinter said, edging back his chair. He had a reflex suspicion of people who tried to strike up instant friendships. "First you keep me waiting half an hour, then you walk in with a question like that. Do you have the vaguest idea why I'm here?"
"Look, calm down," the Russian said. "It's only been twenty minutes. They had to get me back to the embassy. Anyhow, my question about the high school has a point. You can tell a lot about an American from the high school he went to. Take me, for instance. I went to Horace Mann. All the guys there were upper middle-class bourgeoisie-not exactly the kind of person you expect to see in a Soviet embassy after closing hours asking for political asylum. You see," he said, tapping his forehead and laughing, "I do know why you're here-and I'm always thinking. Watch out!"
Lewinter couldn't help but warm to the Russian. "What were you doing at Horace Mann?" he asked.
"My father, good Communist that he was, worked his way up the Soviet Foreign Service to Riverdale," he said. "He was attached to the UN Secretariat for six years. What high school did you go to?"
"Bronx High School of Science," Lewinter said, surprised to find that he wanted to answer the question.
"Aha!" the Russian said, slapping Lewinter's knee. He pointed a finger at him in mock accusation. "Petit bourgeois, intellectual, I.Q. of at least one thirty-five, not very good at sports, didn't have sexual intercourse until you were in college-if then. I'd say you were Jewish, except you don't look Jewish. How did I do?"
"Fine except for the sexual intercourse part," Lewinter lied. He turned serious: "We could argue the merits of Bronx Science over Horace Mann all night-but I haven't got all night. I've figured out my chances very carefully. Either I get out of Japan on your eight o'clock plane or I'm probably not going to get out at all." He pulled out his pocket watch and clicked it open. "I've got two and a quarter hours left. I've got to speak to your ambassador."
"I suspect that my ambassador is the last person you want to see," the Russian said. A smile spread across his face. "He's great at cutting ribbons, but he passes on his serious problems to me. If you're a serious problem"-and here he put the palms of his hands flat against his chest-"I'm your man."
Lewinter believed him.
The Russian took a small green notebook from his breast pocket and uncapped a felt-tipped pen. "Now that I've broken down your defenses with my spontaneous charm, it's time, for the real Yefgeny Mikhailovich Pogodin-that's my name-it's time for me to reveal myself. Sitting before you is a man who is one-quarter Marxist, one-quarter humanist, and one-half bureaucrat." His pen hovered over the notebook. "Your name?"
Lewinter felt as if he was in the hands of a painless dentist. "A. J. Lewinter. Initial A, initial J, capital L, small W."
"What does the A stand for?" Pogodin asked.
"Augustus. The J's for Jerome. But I only use the initials."
"Well, Mr. initial A initial J Lewinter, age?"
"Thirty-nine."
"Address?"
"Cambridge, Massachusetts."
Pogodin looked up. "What do you do in Cambridge?"
"I'm an associate professor at M.I.T. and a specialist in ceramic engineering. For the last four years I've been working on ceramic nose cones for the MIRV Program."
The Russian jotted down Lewinter's answer in his notebook, then lingered over the page, rereading what he had written. Without looking up he asked: "What brought you to Japan, Mr. Lewinter?"
"The ecological symposium at Waseda University. I delivered a paper there yesterday. When I'm not working on nose cones, I'm a bug on ecology. A couple of years ago I developed a scheme for a national solid-waste-disposal system. Its potentials are fantastic. It involves collecting solid waste in regional centers for processing and recycling. Would you believe, with our problems in America, I couldn't get a rise out of Washington-even though I proved on paper that the entire system would amortize itself in thirty-five years." Lewinter paused. "Am I going too fast for you?"
But Pogodin had stopped writing.
"Why do you want to go to the Soviet Union?"
"How can I even begin to answer that question?" Lewinter said. "I could tell you about the deterioration of the American dream-the pollution, the crime, the political corruption, the isolation of intellectuals, the drugs, the repression of dissent. But there's another reason. I'm part of that famous military-industrial complex. I've lived inside it. I know what I'm talking about. My country is in the process of constructing a first-strike nuclear arsenal. And as sure as we're sitting here some general in Washington is going to suggest we use it. I want to give you parity so that they won't be tempted. I want to give you MIRV."
It suddenly occurred to Pogodin that he was dealing with an insane man. In Pogodin's world, intelligence operations were long, tedious affairs in which hundreds of people labored over scraps of information, constructing a single piece of a jigsaw puzzle that might-perhaps-fit into some larger picture. Strangers didn't walk in off the street and offer you the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. And yet ...
"Let me tell you what's going through my mind," Pogodin said. Having interrogated hundreds of people, he had long ago discovered that candor was a powerful weapon-more so because it was the last thing in the world people in Lewinter's position expected. "If you have what you say you have, it would be an important break for us. And you would naturally find us very grateful. But people don't walk in off the street with this grade of information. So I am obliged to consider the other possibilities.
Continue...
Excerpted from THE DEFECTION OF A.J. LEWINTER by ROBERT LITTELL Copyright © 1973 by Robert Littell
Excerpted by permission. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
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