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Jacob Milgrom, a rabbi and Bible scholar, has devoted the bulk of his career to examining the laws of the Torah. His incisive commentary on Leviticus, which began with Leviticus 1-16, continues in this second of three volumes. It provides an authoritative and comprehensive explanation of ethical values concealed in Israel's rituals. Although at first glance Leviticus seems far removed from the modern-day world, Milgrom's thoughtful and provocative comments and notes reveal its enduring relevance to contemporary society.
Leviticus 17-22 brings us to the heart of the book. These chapters focus mainly on the practice of holiness required of laity and priest alike. The commandments that lead to holiness are detailed in chapter 19, the core of the book, if not the whole Torah. The acme of this chapter, the author maintains, is not "love your neighbor (read Israelites) as yourself," but "love him (read the alien) as yourself," endowing him with equal civil rights.
With its English translations that convey the nuance and power of the original Hebrew, this trilogy will takes its place alongside the best of the Anchor Bible Commentaries.
| Preface | vii | |
| Abbreviations | xiii | |
| Translation of the Book of Leviticus | ||
| The Book of Leviticus in Outline | 1267 | |
| I. | The Sacrificial System (Chapters 1-7) | 1268 |
| II. | The Inauguration of the Cult (Chapters 8-10) | 1278 |
| III. | The Impurity System (Chapters 11-16) | 1282 |
| IV. | The Holiness Source (Chapters 17-27) | 1295 |
| Introduction | ||
| I. | Structure, Vocabulary, Extent, and Date | |
| A. | The Literary Structure of H | 1319 |
| B. | Vocabulary: H's Distinctive Terminology | 1325 |
| C. | Vocabulary: H's Dissolution of P's Precision and Extension of P's Usage | 1327 |
| D. | H's Style | 1330 |
| E. | The Termini and Extent of H | 1332 |
| F. | The Inner Growth of H and P | 1345 |
| G. | Law and Narrative in H | 1347 |
| H. | H Presumes, Supplements, and Revised P | 1349 |
| I. | H's Polemics Against P, JE, and D | 1352 |
| J. | H and D | 1357 |
| K. | H Is Preexilic (Except H[subscript R]) | 1361 |
| L. | The Structure of Leviticus | 1364 |
| II. | Theology | |
| A. | The Nature of Revelation and Mosaic Origins | 1368 |
| B. | Rationles Are Theology | 1371 |
| C. | Provincial Perspectives and Ancestor Worship | 1375 |
| D. | Prophets and Archaeology Regarding Idolatry in the Eighth--Seventh Century | 1382 |
| E. | National Perspectives | 1391 |
| F. | Covenants: Sinaitic and Patriarchal | 1394 |
| G. | Holiness | 1397 |
| H. | Ethics | 1400 |
| I. | Land | 1404 |
| J. | Sabbath and Sabbatical | 1405 |
| K. | Jubilee, Redemption, and Destitution | 1407 |
| L. | Israelites: Laymen, Priests, and Women | 1409 |
| M. | The Missing King | 1414 |
| N. | Reflections on the Biblical ger | 1416 |
| O. | Crime, Punishment, (Talion), and Restitution | 1420 |
| P. | The Sanctuary of Silence and Other Misconceptions Regarding P | 1426 |
| Q. | YHWH: A Cameo | 1433 |
| R. | Toward the Compoisition of the Pentateuch | 1439 |
| Translation, Notes, and Comments | ||
| IV. | The Holiness Source (Chapters 17-27) | |
| 17. | The Slaughter and Consumption of Meat | |
| Translation | 1447 | |
| Composition and Structure of Chapter 17 | 1448 | |
| Notes | 1449 | |
| Comments | ||
| A. | Chtonic Worship and Saul's Remedy (1 Sam 14:31-35) | 1490 |
| B. | The ger, "Resident Alien" | 1493 |
| C. | The Blood Prohibition (Continued) | 1501 |
| D. | Does H Advocate the Centralization of Worship? | 1503 |
| 18. | Illicit Sexual Practices | |
| Translation | 1514 | |
| Notes | 1516 | |
| Comments | ||
| A. | Did H Permit Intermarriage | 1585 |
| B. | Were the Firstborn Sacrificed to YHWH? To Molek? Popular Practice or Divine Demand? | 1586 |
| C. | Carmichael on Chapters 18 and 20 | 1591 |
| 19. | Ritual and Moral Holiness | |
| Translation | 1594 | |
| Introduction | 1596 | |
| Notes | 1602 | |
| Comment: Holiness | 1711 | |
| 20. | Penalties for Molek Worship, Necromancy, and Sexual Offenses | |
| Translation | 1726 | |
| Notes | 1728 | |
| Comments | ||
| A. | The Relationship Between Chapters 20 and 18 | 1765 |
| B. | The 'ob, yidde'oni, Molek, and Necromancy | 1768 |
| C. | Ancestor Worship in the Biblical World | 1772 |
| D. | Homosexuality: Its Biblical Misuse in the Current Debate | 1785 |
| E. | Who Says Homosexuality Is a Sin? | 1786 |
| F. | How Not to Read the Bible | 1788 |
| 21. | Instructions for the Priests | |
| Translation | 1791 | |
| Notes | 1792 | |
| Comments | ||
| A. | Parallelism and Inversion in Lev 21:1b-15 (Christine E. Hayes) | 1834 |
| B. | The Priestly Blemishes (Lev 21:17b-21): Structure and Meaning | 1836 |
| C. | Mourning Customs in the Biblical World | 1840 |
| D. | Blemished Priests: A Comparative Survey | 1841 |
| 22. | Instructions for the Priests and Lay Persons | |
| Translation | 1844 | |
| Notes | 1845 | |
| Comment: The Structure of Chapter 22 | 1890 | |
| Bibliography | ||
| Index |
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