Preface
1 Administrative Theory, Values Clarification, and Leadership Responsibility
• Flem Snopes High School: A New Administrative Team
Educational Leadership
Human Capital and the Accumulated Knowledge Base
Administrative Process and Knowledge
Philosophical Frames and Epistemological Influences
Paradigms and the Scientific-Rational Approach
Political, Critical, and Constructivist Frames of Reference
Critical-Contextual, Gender, and Race
Postmodernism, Poststructuralism
• Grounding Moral Educational Leadership in the Intrinsically Moral Enterprise of Learning, by Robert J. Starratt
Ethical Models
The Ethic of Caring
The Ethic of Justice
The Ethic of Critique
Foundations of Ethical Behavior: Standards for Good Practice
Codes of Ethics
Administrative Platforms
The Knowledge Base in Educational Administration
• TheKnowledge Base in Educational Administration: by Robert Donmoyer, The University of San Diego
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
2 Context and Perspective for Educational Leaders
• Nanuck Middle School: Understanding the Context
Contextual Knowledge
Broad, Complex Context
Federal Turning-Points
Education Origins
Land Grant
Relief
National Defense
Equal Educational Opportunity
World Class Economic Competitiveness and Support–1980 to Present
Establishing National Goals
• Thoughts for Leaders of Educational Institutions in Transition, by Luvern L. Cunningham, Novice G. Fawcett Professor of Educational Administration (Emeritus), The Ohio State University
The 1990s and Beyond
No Child Left Behind
New Technological Demands
State Roles and Responses
Equity and Social Justice
Challenges in the Twenty-First Century
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
3 School Reform
• Scrivner Middle School: Reform at Scrivner
• Leading Innovative Schools, by Stephanie Pace Marshall, Ph.D., Mathematics and Science Academy, Aurora, Illinois
The Context for School Reform
Finding New Directions
Common Themes in a Changing World
Innovative Programs
Other Innovative Models and Their Benefits
• A Framework for School Improvement, by Carl Glickman, Lew Allen, and James Weiss, The University of Georgia
Harnessing Technology
Technology Opens New Opportunities
Administrative Applications
• Wilson Elementary School District: Five Steps to a Successful Technology Program, by Jane M. Juliano, Ph.D., Principal, Wilson Charter High School, Phoenix, Arizona
The Leadership Challenge
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
4 Diversity and Community Relations
• Oakes High School: Cultures Clash in Fairhaven
Diversity in Schools
Socioeconomic Status and Social Class
U.S. Population Demographics
Cultural Identity
Cultural Transitions
Sexual Identity
Prejudice and Discrimination
Discrimination in Schools
Competing Perspectives: Theories, Models, and Approaches to Race, Class, and Gender
Cultural Deficiency Approach
Cultural Difference Approach
Human Relations Approach
Single-Group Studies Approach
Multicultural Education Approach
Social Justice Education Approach
Segregation, Desegregation, and Integration
Magnet Schools
Language Diversity in U.S. Schools: Program Options
English Language Learners in U.S. Public Schools
English Only, English Plus, and Programs for Nonstandard English Speakers
• Developing Programs of School, Family, and Community Partnerships: Administrators Make a Difference, by Joyce L. Epstein, Director, Center on School, Family, and Community Partnerships, Johns Hopkins University
Connecting Schools and Community Organizations
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
5 School District Organizational Structure and Leadership
• Alta Vista School: Data Disaggregation
The Local Role
The Local School Division
The School Board
The School Division Superintendent
Central Office Operations
• Local School Structures and Arrangements, by Marilyn Tallerico, Syracuse University
The School Administrator
Changing Roles
Critical Incidents
Politics of the Principalship
Principal: Instructional Leader or School Manager?
School Safety Audit
• Putting “Cs” into the Village, by Paul C. Houston, Ed.D., Executive Director, American Association of School Administrators
Parental Involvement
Assistant Principal (AP)
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
Appendix 5.A: The Joint AASA—NSBA Superintendent Guidelines
6 Leadership Theory and Practice
• Atlas Shrug High School: Failing Health
Assessing Leadership Characteristics
Paradigms of Leadership: A Growing Knowledge Base
Leadership Instrument Analyses
McGregor’s Theories X and Y
NREL Behavior Matrix
Early Studies
The Ohio State Studies
The New Managerial Grid
Situational and Contingency Leadership
University of Michigan Studies
Recent Works on Leadership
Search for Excellence
The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People and Alignment
The Learning Organization
The New Science of Leadership
Total Quality Management (TQM)
School-Based Management (SBM)
Cultural Leadership
Transformational Leadership
Leadership Traits or Skills
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
Appendix 6.A: Directions for Scoring Box 6.1: The X—Y Scale
Appendix 6.B: Directions for Interpreting Box 6.4: The Behavior Matrix
Appendix 6.C: Directions for Scoring Box 6.5: Leadership Behavior Survey
Appendix 6.D: Directions for Scoring Box 6.6: Measuring Preferred Management Styles
Appendix 6.E: Twenty-One Combined Domains of Effective School Leadership
7 Successful School Leadership
• Packer Middle School: An Interview for a Principalship
Leadership Matters
Adult Learning
Effective School Leadership Practices
• Leadership and the Change Process, by Michael Fullan, University of Toronto
Structures That Provide Opportunities for Teacher Collaboration
Study Groups
Instructional Walk-Throughs
Teacher Conferences
School Visitations
District and/or School Instructional Conferences
• Principals as Instructional Leaders: Modeling and Supporting Teaching and Learning, by Paul V. Bredeson, University of Wisconsin—Madison
Supporting the Change Process
The Teacher Selection Process
Conclusion
Endnote
Terms
Suggested Readings
8 Program Development, Delivery, and Assessment
• XXXX Elementary School: Program Improvement
Conceptions of Academic Achievement
Theories of Intelligence
Types of Knowledge
Learning Transfer 1
Constructivism: A New Conception of Learning
Building a Culture of Learning
Teaching and Learning Approaches
Apprenticeship Learning
Cooperative Learning
Problem-Based and Project-Based Learning
Curriculum Design and Educational Programming
Functions of Curriculum
• Principal as Curriculum Leader, by Allan A. Glatthorn, University of East Carolina
The Standards Movement
Curricular and Instructional Change
Developing Curriculum and Programs
Designing and Managing the Curriculum
• Seeing the Curriculum Whole: The Function of a Real Educational Leader, by Laurel N. Tanner, Temple University
Program Improvement and Evaluation
Utilizing Time
Year-Round Education
Block Scheduling
Looping
Time on Task
Assessing Student Progress
Portfolios
• Assessing Student Performance, by Grant Wiggins, President and Director for the Center on Learning Assessment and School Structure (C.L.A.S.S.)
Reporting Student Progress
Presenting Student Outcomes to the Community
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
9 Pupil Personnel Services
• Edgar Allen Poe Middle School: Special Education
Pupil Personnel—Student Service Team
Counseling, Guidance, Psychological Services
Special Education and Remedial Instruction
Inclusion
• Leadership for Special Services, by Judy Mantle, University of San Diego
School Health Services
Child Accounting and School Safety
School Security
Student Discipline
Pupil Appraisal, Testing, and Diagnostics
Extracurricular Activities
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
10 Human Resource Management
• Lincoln Elementary School: Staffing Problems
Taking Care of the Staff
Job Analysis, Classification, and Staff Planning
Job Analysis
Job Classification
Staff Planning
Recruitment
Selection
Alternative Selection Approaches
Performance Appraisal and Evaluation
Planning the Evaluation
Collecting Information
Using Information
Staff Development
Employee Assistance and Wellness Programs
• Human Resource Administration in the Third Millennium, by Ronald Rebore, St. Louis University
Organizational Development
Wage and Salary Considerations
Benefits
Collective Bargaining
Employee Records and Reports
Employee Litigation
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
11 Laws and Policies
• XXX I.S.D: Not Following School Board Policy
Legal Responsibility
Learning about Schools and Legal Issues
The U.S. Legal System
Federal Role in Education
Federal Courts
• Understanding Court Decisions, by Perry A. Zirkel and Kathleen A. Sullivan, Lehigh University
The State’s Legal Role in Education
State Legislatures, Administrative Agencies, and Local Boards of Control
School Districts and Litigation
Legal Issues and Schools
Due Process
Freedom of Speech and Expression
Discipline and Students with Disabilities
The Confidentiality of Student Records
• Teacher and Student Freedom of Expression, by Frank Kmerer, University of San Diego
Torts
Monitoring Compliance with Policies and Procedures
• Legal and Ethical Dimensions of Educational Leadership, by Martha McCarthy, Indiana University
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
Court Cases
12 Resource Allocation and Management
• Oceanview School District: Identifying Funding Sources for Meadows High
Financing Schools
Taxes
Federal Involvement in Financing Schools
State Involvement in Financing Schools
Local Involvement in Financing Schools
Vouchers
Nontraditional Revenue Sources
School Foundations
Revenue Sources for Independent Schools
• Obtaining Funding for Educational Programs, by Harvey B. Polansky, Ph.D., Superintendent of Schools, Southington, Connecticut
Grant Writing
Budgeting, Accounting, and Facility Management
The Budgeting Process
Types of Budgeting
Line-Item Budgeting
Planning, Programming, Budgeting System (PPBS) 34
Zero-Based Budgeting
Incremental Budgeting
Trends in Budgeting and Management
Activity Funds
Fiscal Accounting
The Audit
• Acquiring, Allocating, and Accounting for Resources, by Richard A. King, University of Northern Colorado
Managing School Supplies and Equipment
Maintaining School Buildings and Grounds
Conclusion
Portfolio Artifacts
Terms
Suggested Readings
13 Problem-Based Learning Projects
Problem-Based Learning
• Problem-Based Learning in Educational Leadership, by Ed Bridges, Stanford University, and Philip Hallinger, Vanderbilt University
Facilitating Groups
• Understanding Group Process, by Cheryl Getz, University of San Diego
• Project 1: Safe Havens: Developing School-Based Health Clinics, by Ellen Smith Sloan, Southern Connecticut State University
• Project 2: A Jalapeño in a Candy Jar: Addressing Cultural Diversity, by Paula A. Cordeiro, University of San Diego
• Project 3: Atoms and Bits: A Technology Project, by Barbara S. Campbell, Wolcott Public School, Connecticut
• Project 4: Data Management and Analysis (DMA) and Decision Making at Madison High School, by William G. Cunningham, Old Dominion University
• Project 5: Marveling at the Results: Power, Roles, Relationships, and School Reform, by William G. Cunningham, Old Dominion University
References and Bibliography
Name Index
Subject Index
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