Table of Contents
Classification of Offences xxv
Editor's Preface xxvi
General Rules 1
Interpretation 1
Interpretation Act 1978, ss. 5, 6, IS, 16, 18 1
Gender Recognition Act 2004, ss. 9, 20 2
Human Rights Act 1998, ss. 1, 3, 4, Sch. 1 2
Liability 5
Criminal Law Act 1967, ss. 1, 6 5
Children and Young Persons Act 1933, s. 50 6
Theft Act 1968, s. 30 7
Criminal Justice Act 1967, s. 8 7
Accessories and Abettors Act 1861, s. 8 7
Magistrates' Courts Act 1980, s. 44 7
Criminal Justice Act 1948, s. 31 8
Merchant Shipping Act 1995, s. 282 8
Territorial Waters Jurisdiction Act 1878, s. 2 8
Suppression of Terrorism Act 1978, ss. 4, 8(1), Sch. 1 8
Terrorism Act 2000, ss. 59, 62 10
Civil Aviation Act 1982, s. 92 10
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, s. 9 11
Criminal Law Act 1977, s. 1A 11
Official Secrets Act 1989, s. 15 11
War Crimes Act 1991, s. 1 11
International Criminal Court Act 2001, ss. 51, 52, 55, 65, 67 12
CriminalJustice Act 1993, ss. 5, 6 13
Sexual Offences Act 2003, s. 72, Sch. 2 14
Defences 14
Criminal Law Act 1967, s. 3 14
Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984, ss. 24, 24A, 117 14
Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004, s. 44 16
Education Act 1996, ss. 550A, 550B 16
Criminal Justice Act 1925, s. 47 16
Crime and Disorder Act 1998, s. 34 17
Statutory Instruments Act 1946, s. 3 17
Magistrates' Courts Act 1980, s. 101 17
Trial of Lunatics Act 1883, s. 2 17
Criminal Procedure (Insanity and Unfitness to Plead) Act 1991, ss. 1, 6 18
Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1964, s. 5 18
Appeals 18
Criminal Appeal Act 1968, ss. 3, 8, 12 18
Magistrates' Courts Act 1980, ss. 108, 111 19
Homicide and Foeticide 20
Homicide Act 1957, ss. 1-4 20
Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1964, s. 6 21
Infanticide Act 1938, s. 1 21
Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004, ss. 5, 6 21
Law Reform (Year and a Day Rule) Act 1996, ss. 1-3 23
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, ss. 9, 10 23
War Crimes Act 1991, s. 1 23
Criminal Law Act 1967, s. 6 24
Suicide Act 1961, ss. 1, 2 24
Mental Capacity Act 2005, s. 62 24
Road Traffic Act 1988, ss. 1, 3A 24
Theft Act 1968, s. 12A(4) 24
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, s. 60 25
Infant Life (Preservation) Act 1929, ss. 1, 2 25
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, ss. 58, 59 25
Abortion Act 1967, ss. 1, 2, 4-6 26
Nurses, Midwives and Health Visitors Act 1997, s. 16 27
Personal Injury, Molestation and Harassment 29
Personal Injury 29
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, ss. 4, 16-18, 20-24, 26, 28-35, 38, 47, 64 29
Crime and Disorder Act 1998, s. 29 31
Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act 1875, s. 6 31
Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003, ss. 1-4, 6 31
Criminal Justice Act 1988, s. 134 32
Molestation and harassment 33
Criminal Justice Act 1988, s. 39 33
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, ss. 16, 17, 24, 38, 44, 45 33
Police Act 1996, s. 89 34
Sexual Offences Act 2003, ss. 1-4, 61-63, 66, 74-79 34
Sexual Offences Act 1993, s. 1 38
Public Order Act 1986, ss. 1-6, 8 38
Firearms Act 1968, s. 16A 40
Theft Act 1968, s. 21 40
Criminal Damage Act 1971, s. 2 40
Family Law Act 1996, s. 42A 40
Protection from Harassment Act 1997, ss. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 12 40
Crime and Disorder Act 1998, ss. 1, 32 42
Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001, ss. 42, 42A 43
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, s. 241 45
Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005, ss. 145, 146, 148, 149 45
Communications Act 2003, s. 127 47
Malicious Communications Act 1988, s. 1 48
Administration of Justice Act 1970, s. 40 48
Protection from Eviction Act 1977, s. 1 49
Criminal Law Act 1977, s. 51 49
Harm to Children, Minors and the Mentally Disordered 51
Children and minors 51
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, s. 27 51
Licensing Act 1902, ss. 2, 8 51
Children and Young Persons Act 1933, ss. 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 17, 18, 23, 24 51
Education Act 1996, ss. 548, 550A, 550B 54
Sexual Offences Act 2003, ss. 5-29, 47-51, 73, 78, 79 56
Protection of Children Act 1978, ss. 1, 1A, 1B, 2(3), 7 67
Criminal Justice Act 1988, ss. 160, 160A 68
Education Act 1996, s. 444 69
Hypnotism Act 1952, s. 3 70
Children and Young Persons (Harmful Publications) Act 1955, ss. 1, 2, 4 70
Licensing Act 2003, ss. 146-153 71
Tattooing of Minors Act 1969, ss. 1, 3 71
Child Abduction Act 1984, ss. 1-3 71
Intoxicating Substances (Supply) Act 1985, s. 1 73
Horses (Protective Headgear for Young Riders) Act 1990, ss. 1, 3 73
Children and Young Persons (Protection from Tobacco) Act 1991, ss. 3, 4 74
The mentally disordered 75
Mental Health Act 1983, ss. 56-60, 62, 63, 127 75
Mental Capacity Act 2005, ss. 2, 3, 44 77
Sexual Offences Act 2003, ss. 30-43, 48, 62, 63 78
Dangerous Conduct 85
Traffic 85
Road Traffic Act 1988, ss. 1-9, 11-16, 18, 22-31, 34-37, 40A-42, 75, 76, 87, 103, 143, 144A, 168-172, 185, 192 85
Theft Act 1968, s. 12A 100
Highways Act 1980, ss. 137, 161, 162 100
Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984, ss. 81-87, 89 101
Town Police Clauses Act 1847, s. 28 103
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, ss. 32-34 104
Malicious Damage Act 1861, ss. 35, 36, 58 105
Merchant Shipping Act 1995, ss. 58, 59, 92-94, 98, 100, 101 106
Aviation and Maritime Security Act 1990, ss. 9-13, 17 111
Aviation Security Act 1982, ss. 1-4, 38 113
Civil Aviation Act 1982, s. 81 117
Aviation and Maritime Security Act 1990, s. 1 117
Employment 118
Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act 1875, s. 5 118
Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, ss. 2-8, 33, 36, 40 119
Explosives and firearms 122
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, s. 31 122
Explosive Substances Act 1883, 5.2 123
Firearms Act 1968, ss. 1-5A, 7, 16-20, 22-25, 57, 58, Sch. 1 123
Firearms (Amendment) Act 1988, ss. 5, 6, 14 132
Firearms (Amendment) Act 1997, ss. 2-8, 48 132
Dogs 134
Dangerous Dogs Act 1991, ss. 1, 3, 6, 7, 10 134
Supply of goods and services 135
Food Safety Act 1990, ss. 1-3, 7, 8, 14, 15, 20-22, 33, 36 135
Consumer Protection Act 1987, ss. 10-12, 39, 40 140
Miscellaneous 143
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, s. 23 143
Criminal Damage Act 1971, s. 1(2) 143
Postal Services Act 2000, s. 85(1)-(2) 143
Harm to Animals and the Environment 144
Protection of Animals Act 1911, ss. 1, 5A, 5B 144
Abandonment of Animals Act 1960, ss. 1, 2 145
Wild Mammals (Protection) Act 1996, ss. 1-3 145
Fur Farming (Prohibition) Act 2000, s. 1 146
Hunting Act 2004, ss. 1, 5 146
Environmental Protection Act 1990, ss. 87, 98 146
Water Resources Act 1991, ss. 85, 89 147
Merchant Shipping Act 1995, ss. 131-133 148
Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003, s. 54 149
Property Damage 151
Criminal Damage Act 1971, ss. 1-5, 10 151
Theft Act 1968, s. 30 152
Crime and Disorder Act 1998, s. 30 153
Postal Services Act 2000, s. 86 153
Computer Misuse Act 1990, ss. 1-9, 17 153
Theft, Fraud and Commercial Malpractice 158
Theft Act 1968, ss. 1-13, 15-25, 27, 30, 32, 34, Sch. 1 158
Salmon Act 1986, s. 32 165
Night Poaching Act 1828, s. 1 166
Deer Act 1991, s. 1 166
Theft Act 1978, ss. 1-3, 5 166
Postal Services Act 2000, ss. 83, 84 166
Treasure Act 1996, s. 8 167
Dealing in Cultural Objects (Offences) Act 2003, s. 1 167
Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984, s. 47(3) 167
Communications Act 2003, ss. 125, 126 168
Gas Act 1995, Sch. 2, paras 10, 11 168
Companies Act 1985, s. 458 169
Insolvency Act 1986, ss. 350-360 169
Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, ss. 397, 400 173
Criminal Justice Act 1993, ss. 52-60, 62, 63, Schs. 1, 2 174
Prevention of Corruption Act 1906, s. 1 180
Prevention of Corruption Act 1916, s. 2 181
Auctions (Bidding Agreements) Act 1927, s. 1 181
Mock Auctions Act 1961, ss. 1, 3 181
Forgery and Counterfeiting Act 1981, ss. 1-5, 8-10, 14-21, 27, 28 182
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, s. 107 187
Trade Marks Act 1994, s. 92 187
Trade Descriptions Act 1968, ss. 1-6, 13, 14, 23-25 188
Weights and Measures Act 1985, ss. 28-37, 82 191
Consumer Protection Act 1987, ss. 20-24, 39, 40 196
Criminal Justice Act 1993, ss. 1-6 199
Enterprise Act 2002, ss. 188, 189 202
Trespass and Invasion of Privacy 205
Theft Act 1968, ss. 9, 10 205
Firearms Act 1968, s. 20 205
Criminal Law Act 1977, ss. 6-9, 12, 12A 206
Night Poaching Act 1828, ss. 1, 9, 12, 13 209
Game Act 1831, ss. 30, 32, 34, 35 210
Deer Act 1991, s. 1 211
Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, ss. 61, 68, 69 211
Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005, s. 128 213
Merchant Shipping Act 1995, ss. 103, 104 214
Football (Offences) Act 1991, s. 4 214
Education Act 1996, s. 547 214
Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974, s. 9 215
Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000, ss. 1-4, 19 215
Sexual Offences Act 2003, ss. 63, 67, 68 220
Offensive Conduct 222
Bigamy 222
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, s. 57 222
Perjury Act 1911, s. 3 222
Forgery Act 1861, ss. 36, 37 222
Surrogacy 223
Surrogacy Arrangements Act 1985, ss. 1-4 223
Medical procedures 226
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990, ss. 1-4, 41 226
Human Reproductive Cloning Act 2001, s. 1 227
Human Tissue Act 2004, ss. 32, 33, 49, 54 227
Sexual acts 230
Sexual Offences Act 2003, ss. 64, 65, 69-71, 74, 75, 78, 79 230
Prostitution 231
Sexual Offences Act 2003, ss. 47-53, 57-61, 63, 78, 79 231
Sexual Offences Act 1956, ss. 33-36, 44, 46 233
Sexual Offences Act 1967, s. 6 234
Street Offences Act 1959, s. 1 234
Sexual Offences Act 1985, ss. 1, 2, 4 234
Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001, s. 46 235
Obscenity and indecency 235
Obscene Publications Act 1959, ss. 1-4 235
Town Police Clauses Act 1847, s. 28 238
Indecent Displays (Control) Act 1981, s. 1 238
Postal Services Act 2000, s. 85(3)-(4) 239
Children and Young Persons (Harmful Publications) Act 1955 239
Unsolicited Goods and Services Act 1971, ss. 4, 6 240
Theatres Act 1968, ss. 2, 3, 6, 7, 18 240
Video Recordings Act 1984, ss. 1-3, 7, 9-12, 14A, 16, 22 241
Drunkenness, drink and other drugs 246
Metropolitan Police Act 1839, s. 44 246
Licensing Act 1872, s. 12 246
Licensing Act 1902, s. 8 247
Licensing Act 2003, ss. 137-143, 146-153, 159, 187, 188, 191-193 247
Criminal Justice Act 1967, s. 91 254
Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001, ss. 12-14, 16 254
Sporting Events (Control of Alcohol etc.) Act 1985, ss. 1, 2, 9 255
Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, ss. 2-9A, 19, 20, 28, 36, 37 257
Intoxicating Substances (Supply) Act 1985, s. 1 262
Noise 262
Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, s. 63 262
Hunting with dogs 263
Hunting Act 2004, ss. 1-5, 10, 11, Sch. 1 263
Disorder and Terrorism 268
Public Order Act 1986, ss. 1, 2, 6, 8, 17-19, 29A-29N, 38 268
Crime and Disorder Act 1998, ss. 28-32 272
Football (Offences) Act 1991, ss. 1-4 273
Explosive Substances Act 1883, ss. 2-5, 9 274
Taking of Hostages Act 1982, s. 1(1) 275
Terrorism Act 2000, ss. 1, 3, 11-19, 21, 38B, 39, 48, 49, 51, 52, 54-59, 118, 121 275
Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001, ss. 113-115 284
Terrorism Act 2006, ss. 1-3, 5, 6, 8-11, 17, 18, 20 284
Interference with Governmental or Public Services 294
Public Bodies Corrupt Practices Act 1889, ss. 1, 7 294
Prevention of Corruption Act 1916, s. 2 294
Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001, ss. 108-110 295
Official Secrets Act 1911, ss. 1, 3, 7 295
Official Secrets Act 1920, ss. 1-3, 7 297
Official Secrets Act 1989, ss. 1-8, 12, 13, 15 298
Incitement to Disaffection Act 1934, ss. 1, 2 305
Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004, ss. 44(3), 49(1) 306
Postal Services Act 2000, s. 88 306
Immigration Act 1971, ss. 24-25B 306
Customs and Excise Management Act 1979, ss. 50, 170 308
Finance Act 2000, s. 144 310
Interference with the Administration of Justice or the Police 311
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, ss. 18, 38 311
Perjury Act 1911, ss. 1, 1A, 2, 4-7, 15 311
Criminal Justice Act 1967, s. 89 313
Contempt of Court Act 1981, ss. 1-6, 8, 9 313
Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, s. 51 315
Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001, ss. 39-41 317
Criminal Law Act 1967, ss. 4, 5 319
Prison Act 1952, ss. 39, 41 320
Prison Security Act 1992, s. 1 320
Public Order Act 1936, ss. 1, 2 321
Police Act 1996, ss. 89-91 321
Bail Act 1976, ss. 6, 9 322
Preliminary Offences 324
Criminal Attempts Act 1981, ss. 1, 1A, 4, 6, 9 324
Criminal Law Act 1977, ss. 1-5, 8 325
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, ss. 242, 244 329
Criminal Justice Act 1987, s. 12(1) 330
Criminal Justice Act 1993, ss. 5, 6 330
Vagrancy Act 1824, s. 4 330
Offences Against the Person Act 1861, ss. 4, 18, 21, 22, 29, 30, 64 331
Explosive Substances Act 1883, ss. 2-5, 9 331
Prevention of Crime Act 1953, s. 1 332
Restriction of Offensive Weapons Act 1959, s. 1 332
Criminal Justice Act 1988, ss. 139, 139A, 141, 141A 332
Knives Act 1997, ss. 1-4, 9, 10 334
Official Secrets Act 1920, s. 7 336
Theft Act 1968, ss. 9, 10, 17, 20(1), 21, 25 336
Firearms Act 1968, ss. 16-18 336
Criminal Damage Act 1971, s. 3 336
Forgery and Counterfeiting Act 1981, ss. 5, 16, 17 337
Communications Act 2003, s. 126 337
Computer Misuse Act 1990, s. 2 337
Social Security Administration Act 1992, ss. 111A, 112 337
Terrorism Act 2000, ss. 11, 12, 15-17, 54, 57, 58 339
Sexual Offences Act 2003, ss. 61-3 340
Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003, s. 54 340
Disposal of Proceeds of Crimes 342
Theft Act 1968, ss. 22-24, 27 342
Salmon Act 1986, s. 32 342
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, ss. 327-333, 335-338, 339A, 340 342
Dealing in Cultural Objects (Offences) Act 2003, ss. 1-3, 5 352
'Legislating the Criminal Code' 354
Criminal Law [Draft] Bill 1993 (Law Commission Report No. 218) 354
Offences Against the Person [Draft] Bill 1998 (Home Office) 357
Corporate Manslaughter [Draft] Bill 2005 (Home Office: Cm 6497) 363
Assisted Dying for the Terminally III Bill 2005 367
Code for Crown Prosecutors-2004 373
Current Bills (2006) 381
Corruption Bill 381
Fraud Bill 385
Police and Justice Bill 387
Road Safety Bill 387
Index 381